Implementation of digital tools in VET: Experienced support and technology acceptance

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3384/njvet.2242-458X.2414278

Keywords:

technology acceptance, digital tools, digital vocational education, experienced support, vocational learning settings

Abstract

Among pressures and challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic, progressive digitalisation has resulted in changes in vocational learning environments. Therefore, a well-planned and didactically sensible implementation of digital tools is indispensable. The aim of this article is to discuss how experienced support from teachers/trainers influences trainees’ acceptance of digital note-taking apps and video conferencing systems, and what requirements there are for support. These factors were measured based on the technology acceptance model and social support theory using an online questionnaire (mixed methods) of 891 trainees from different training occupations in Germany.

The results show, that ‘Support trough instruction/communication/time resources/ organisation’ is relevant for the embedding of digital tools at the learning venues schools and workplaces. Experienced support influenced trainees’ technology acceptance of the tools. In summary, didactically sensible teaching of basic digital skills ensures progress in the sense of digitalisation and, thus, the future employees of ‘Industry 4.0’ emerge from ‘Vocational Education 4.0’.

References

Abdullah, F., Ward, R., & Ahmed, E. (2016). Investigating the influence of the most commonly used external variables of TAM on students’ Perceived ease of use (PEOU) and Perceived usefulness (PU) of e-portfolios. Computers in Human Behavior, 63, 75–90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.05.014

Acatech. (2016). Kompetenzen für die Industrie 4.0: Qualifizierungsbedarfe und Lösungsansätze [Competences for Industry 4.0: Qualification requirements and solution approaches]. Herbert Utz Verlag.

Akkerman, S. F., & Bakker, A. (2011). Boundary crossing and boundary objects. Review of Educational Research, 81(2), 132–169. https://doi.org/10.3102/0034654311404435

Akkerman, S. F., & Bakker, A. (2012). Crossing boundaries between school and work during apprenticeships. Vocations and Learning, 5, 153–173. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12186-011-9073-6

Alshahrani, S. M., Mohamed, H., Mukhtar, M., & Mokhtar U. A. (2023). The adoption of the e-portfolio management system in the Technical and Vocational Training Corporation (TVTC) in Saudi Arabia. International Journal of Information Management Data Insights, 3(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jjimei.2022.100148

Antonietti, C., Cattaneo, A. A. P., & Amenduni, F. (2022). Can teachers’ digital competence influence technology acceptance in vocational education? Computers in Human Behavior, 132(107266), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2022.107266

Aprea, C., Cattaneo, A. A. P., & Sappa, V. (2015). Mind the Gap: Boundary-Crossing an den Übergängen von informellem und formalem Lernen in der beruflichen Bildung [Mind the gap: Boundary-crossing at the transitions between informal and formal learning in vocational education and training]. In G. Niedermair (Ed.), Informelles Lernen: Annäherungen, Problemlagen, Forschungsbefunde (pp. 265–276). Trauner Verlag.

Aprea, C., Sappa, V., & Tenberg, R. (2020). An introduction to the special issue. In C. Aprea, V. Sappa, & R. Tenberg (Eds.), Connectivity and integrative competence development in vocational and professional education and training (VET/PET) (pp. 13–16). Franz Steiner Verlag.

Bach, A. (2016). Nutzung von digitalen Medien an berufsbildenden Schulen: Notwendigkeit, Rahmenbedingungen, Akzeptanz und Wirkungen [Use of digital media at vocational schools: Necessity, framework conditions, acceptance and effects]. In J. Seifried, S. Seeber, & B. Ziegler (Eds.), Jahrbuch der berufs- und wirtschaftspädagogischen Forschung 2016 (pp. 107–123). Verlag Babara Budrich. https://doi.org./10.3224/84740588

Bailey, D. R., Almusharraf, N., & Almusharraf, A. (2022). Video conferencing in the e-learning context: Explaining learning outcome with the Technology Acceptance Model. Education and Information Technologies, 27(6), 7679–7698. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-022-10949-1

Bartscher, T., Krumme, J. H., Schmid, J., Klenk, J., & Nissen, R. (2018, February 19). Duale Berufsausbildung [Dual vocational training]. Gabler Wirtschaftslexikon. https://wirtschaftslexikon.gabler.de/definition/duale-berufsausbildung-34057/version-257572

Berkman, L. F., Glass, T., Brissette, I., & Seeman, T. E. (2000). From social integration to health: Durkheim in the new millennium. Social Science & Medicine, 51(6), 843–857. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0277-9536(00)00065-4

Billett, S. (2014). Integrating learning experiences across tertiary education and practice settings: A socio-personal account. Educational Research Review, 12, 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.edurev.2014.01.002

Buschfeld, D., Bylinski, U., Giezek, B., Klös, H. P., Kohlrausch, B., Sloane, P. F. E., & Solga, H. (2020). Auswirkung der Corona-Pandemie auf die berufliche Bildung [Impact of the coronavirus pandemic on vocational training]. ZBW-Zeitschrift für Berufs- und Wirtschaftspädagogik, 116(4), 682–695. https://doi.org/1025162/zbw-2020-0028

Buunk, B. P. (2002). Affiliation, zwischenmenschliche Anziehung und enge Beziehungen [Affiliation, interpersonal attraction and close relationships]. In W. Stroebe, K. Jonas, & M. Hewstone (Eds.), Sozialpsychologie (pp. 415–447). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-08008-5_12

Cattaneo, A. A. P. (2022). Digitales Lernen: Nutzen wir alle Möglichkeiten? Überlegung zur Integration von Technologien in die Berufsbildung [Digital learning: Are we utilising all the possibilities? Considering the integration of technologies in vocational education and training]. BWP – Berufsbildung in Wissenschaft und Praxis, 3, 8–12.

Cattaneo, A. A. P., & Aprea, C. (2018). Visual technologies to bridge the gap between school and workplace in vocational education. In D. Ifenthaler (Ed.), Digital workplace learning: Briding formal and informal learning with digital technologies (pp. 251–270). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-46215-8_14

Chan, S. (2021). Digitally enabling ‘learning by doing’ in vocational education: Enhancing ‘learning as becoming’ processes. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-3405-5

Cohen, J. (1992). Statistical power analysis. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 1(3), 98–101. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8721.ep10768783

Conference of the Ministers of Education and Cultural Affairs. (2018). Rahmenlehrplan für den Ausbildungsberuf Chemikant/Chemikantin [Framework curriculum for the training occupation of chemical technician]. https://www.elementare-vielfalt.de/fileadmin/docs/digitalisierung/Chemikant-B2B/Chemikant00-12-01idF_18-02-23-E.pdf

Conference of the Ministers of Education and Cultural Affairs. (2023). Rahmenlehrplan für den Ausbildungsberuf Industriekaufmann/Industriekauffrau [Framework curriculum for the training occupation of industrial trainees]. https://www.kmk.org/fileadmin/Dateien/pdf/Bildung/BeruflicheBildung/rlp/Industriekaufleute_2023-12-15-mitEL.pdf

Davis, F. D. (1985). A technology acceptance model for empirically testing new end-user information systems: Theory and results [Doctoral dissertation, Massachusetts Institute of Technology]. https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/4387241.pdf

Davis, F. D. (1989). Perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and user acceptance of information technology. Management Information Systems Quarterly, 13(3), 319–340. https://doi.org/10.2307/249008

Döring, N., & Bortz, J. (Eds.) (2016). Forschungsmethoden und Evaluation in den Human- und Sozialwissenschaften [Research methods and evaluation in the humantities and social sciences] (5th ed.). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41089-5

Egloffstein, M., Kögler, K., & Kärner, T. (2012). Unterrichtserleben in Notebook-Klassen: Eine explorative Studie im kaufmännischen Unterricht [Teaching experience in notebook classes: An exploratory study in commercial classes]. In R. Schulz-Zander, B. Eickelmann, H. Moser, H. Niesyto, & P. Grell (Eds.), Jahrbuch Medienpädagogik 9 (pp. 223–245). Springer VS. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-94219-3_11

Engeström, Y., Engeström, R., & Kärkkäinen, M. (1995). Polycontextuality and boundary crossing in expert cognition: Learning and problem solving in complex work activities. Learning and Instruction, 5(4), 319–336. https://doi.org/10.1016/0959-4752(95)00021-6

Enochsson, A.-B., Kilbrink, N., Andersén, A., & Ådefors, A. (2020). Connecting school and workplace with digital technology: Teachers’ experiences of gaps that can be bridged. Nordic Journal of Vocational Education and Training, 10(1), 43–64. https://doi.org/10.3384/njvet.2242-458X.2010143

Federal Institute for Vocational Education and Training. (1997). Empfehlung des Hauptausschusses des Bundesinstituts für Berufsbildung zur Kooperation der Lernorte [Recommendation of the board of the Federal Institute for Vocational Education and Training on cooperation between learning venues]. https://www.bibb.de/dokumente/pdf/HA099.pdf

Federici, R. A., & Skaalvik, E. M. (2014). Students’ perception of instrumental support and effort in mathematics: The mediating role of subjective task values. Social Psychology of Education, 17(3), 527–540. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11218-014-9264-8

Fishbein, M., & Ajzen, I. (1975). Belief, attitude, intention and behaviour: An introduction to theory and research. Addison-Wesley.

Gorovoj, A. (2019). Technologieakzeptanz Digitaler Medien bei Universitäts-studierenden verschiedener Fächer und Berufstätigen gleichen Alters: Eine Studie zu den psychologischen Determinanten und Hintergründen der Akzeptanz Digitaler Medien auf der Basis eines neu ausgerichteten Messinstruments [Technology acceptance of digital media among university students of different subjects and professionals of the same age: A study on the psychological determinants and backgrounds of digital media acceptance based on a newly designed measurement instrument] [Doctoral dissertation, University of Siegen]. https://dspace.ub.uni-siegen.de/bitstream/ubsi/1659/4/Dissertation_Alexander_Gorovoj.pdf

He, S., Jiang, S., Zhu, R., & Hu, X. (2023). The influence of educational and emotional support on e‑learning acceptance: An integration of social support theory and TAM. Education and Information Technologies, 28, 11145–11165. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-023-11648-1

House, J. S. (1981). Work stress and social support. Addison-Wesley Publishing Company.

Hsiao, H. C., Tu, Y. L., & Chung, H. N. (2012). Perceived social supports, computer self-efficacy, and computer use among high school students. The Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology, 11(2), 167–177.

Hsu, J. Y., Chen, C. C., & Ting, P. F. (2018). Understanding MOOC continuance: An empirical examination of social support theory. Interactive Learning Environments, 26(8), 1100–1118. https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2018.1446990

Jenewein, K. (2014). Digitale Lernsysteme: Potentiale für die berufliche Bildung durch Blended Learning [Digital learning systems: Potential for vocational training trough blended learning]. lernen & lehren, 114(2), 47–53.

Jose, J., & Jose, B. J. (2021). Learners’ perception of using Microsoft Teams predicted by technology acceptance model at University of Technology and Applied Sciences, Oman. Webology, 18(6), 21–32.

Kilbrink, N., Enochsson, A.-B., & Söderlind, L. (2020). Digital technology as boundary objects: Teachers’ experiences in Swedish vocational education. In C. Aprea, V. Sappa, & R. Tenberg (Eds.), Connectivity and integrative competence development in vocational and professional education and training (VET/PET) (pp. 233–251). Franz Steiner Verlag.

Köpsén, S., & Andersson, P. (2018). Boundary processes in connection with students’ workplace learning: Potentials for VET teachers' continuing professional development. Nordic Journal of Vocational Education and Training, 8(1), 58–75. https://doi.org/10.3384/njvet.2242-458X.188158

Li, Z., Islam, A. Y. M. A., & Spector, J. M. (2022). Unpacking mobile learning in higher vocational education during the COVID-19 pandemic. International Journal of Mobile Communications, 20(2), 129–149. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJMC.2022.121465

Lilge, V. (2019, November 7). Bildungsministerium und BASF stärken Digitalisierung in der dualen Ausbildung [Ministry of Education and BASF strengthen digitalisation in dual vocational training]. BASF. https://www.basf.com/global/de/who-we-are/organization/locations/europe/german-sites/ludwigshafen/the-site/news-and-media/news-releases/2019/11/p-19-383.html

Lin T. C., Hsu, J. S. C., Cheng, H. L., & Chiu, C. M. (2015). Exploring the relationship between receiving and offering online social support: A dual social support model. Information & Management, 52(3), 371–383. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2015.01.003

Masood, A., & Lodhi, R. N. (2016). Determinants of behavioral intentions to use SPSS among students: Application of technology acceptance model (TAM). FWU Journal of Social Sciences, 10(2), 146–157.

Mayring, P. (1991). Qualitative Inhaltsanalyse [Qualitative content analysis]. In U. Flick, E. v. Kardoff, H. Keupp, L. v. Rosenstiel, & S. Wolff (Eds.), Handbuch qualitative Forschung: Grundlagen, Konzepte, Methoden und Anwendungen (pp. 209–213). Beltz- Psychologie Verlag Union.

Meier, S. (2014, November 26). Qualitative Inhaltsanalyse [Qualitative content analysis]. Forschen im Praxissemester: Überblick, Methoden, Beispiele. https://blogs.uni-paderborn.de/fips/2014/11/26/qualitative-inhaltsanalyse/

Monterde, R. B. H., Ramos, D. B. E., Francisco, K. J. A., & Lim, R. A. (2022). The viability of video conferencing applications in an online classroom through the lens of technology acceptance model. International Journal of Research in English Education, 7(3), 80–89. https://doi.org/10.52547/ijree.7.3.1

Petko, D., Cantieni, A., Schmid, R., Müller, L., Krannich, M., & Michos, K. (2023). Technology acceptance of a mobile portfolio app for teacher education: Pre-service teachers views on multimedia-based note-taking and mentoring in internships. Journal of Digital Learning in Teacher Education, 39(1), 57–71. https://doi.org/10.1080/21532974.2022.2142990

Pferdt, F. G., & Kremer, H. H. (2010). Berufliches Lernen mit Web 2.0: Medien(entwicklungs)kompetenz und berufliche Handlungskompetenz im Duell? [Vocational learning with Web 2.0: Media(development)competence and vocational action competence in a duel?]. In B. Herzig, D. M. Meister, H. Moser, & H. Niesyto (Eds.), Jahrbuch Medienpädagogik 8 – Medienkompetenz und Web 2.0 (pp. 289–307). VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-92135-8_16

Prüfer, P., & Rexroth, M. (2005). Kognitive Interviews [Cognitive interviews] (GESIS-how-to, No. 15). Mannheim–Zentrum für Umfragen. https://www.gesis.org/fileadmin/upload/forschung/publikationen/gesis_reihen/howto/How_to15PP_MR.pdf

Roll, M., & Ifenthaler, D. (2020). Competence development across different learning contexts in Industry 4.0-development of multidisciplinary digital competence in dual vocational education from instructor perspective. In C. Aprea, V. Sappa, & R. Tenberg (Eds.), Connectivity and integrative competence development in vocational and professional education and training (VET/PET) (pp. 186–209). Franz Steiner Verlag.

Sappa, V., Choy, S., & Aprea, C. (2016). Stakeholders’ conceptions of connecting learning at different sites in two national VET systems. Journal of Vocational Education & Training, 68(3), 283–301. https://doi.org/10.1080/13636820.2016.1201845

Schlag, M., & Imhof, M. (2017). Does perceived ease of use mitigate computer anxiety and stimulate self-regulated learning for pre-service teacher students? International Journal of Higher Education, 6(3), 154–168. https://doi.org/10.5430/ijhe.v6n3p154

Schutz, A. (1970). Alfred Schutz on phenomenology and social relations. The University of Chicago Press.

Schwendimann, B. A., Cattaneo, A. A. P., Dehler Zufferey, J., Gurtner, J. L., Bétrancourt, M., & Dillenbourg, P. (2015). The ‘Erfahrraum’: A pedagogical model for designing educational technologies in dual vocational systems. Journal of Vocational Education & Training, 67(3), 367–396. https://doi.org/10.1080/13636820.2015.1061041

Schwind, J., & Yetim, F. (2022). Akzeptanzanalyse von Microsoft Teams als eKollaborationssystem bei standortverteilten und agilen Entwicklungsteams eines mittelständischen Unternehmens [Acceptance analysis of Microsoft Teams as an e-collaboration system for distributed and agile development teams in a medium-sized company]. HMD-Praxis der Wirtschaftsinformatik, 59(4), 1197–1215. https://doi.org/10.1365/s40702-021-00776-2

Semmer, N. K., Elfering, A., Jacobshagen, N., Perrot, T., Beehr, T. A., & Boos, N. (2008). The emotional meaning of instrumental social support. International Journal of Stress Management, 15(3), 235–251. https://doi.org/10.1037/1072-5245.15.3.235

Steiner, E., & Benesch, M. (2018). Der Fragebogen: Von der Forschungsidee zur SPSS-Auswertung [The questionnaire: From the research idea to SPSS analysis] (5th ed.). Facultas.

Tick, A. (2018, June 21–23). IT security as a special awareness at the analysis of the digital/e-learning acceptance strategies of the early Z generation [Conference paper]. 22nd IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Engineering Systems, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain. https://doi.org/10.1109/INES.2018.8523964

Tommasi, F., Franceschinis, I., Perini, M. & Sartori, R. (2020, June 27–29). A systematic scoping review on skills variety for VET in the Industry 4.0 [Conference paper]. International Conference on Education and New Developments 2020, Zagreb, Croatia (Online). https://doi.org/10.36315/2020end101

Utami, I. Q., Fahmiyah, I., Ningrum, R. A., Fakhruzzaman, M. N., Pratama, A. I., & Triangga, Y. M. (2022). Teacher’s acceptance toward cloud-based learning technology in Covid-19 pandemic era. Journal of Computers in Education, 9(4), 571–586. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40692-021-00214-8

Venkatesh, V., & Bala, H. (2008). Technology acceptance model 3 and a research agenda on interventions. Decision Sciences, 39(2), 273–315. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-5915.2008.00192.x

Venkatesh, V., Morris, M. G., Davis, G. B., & Davis, F. D. (2003). User acceptance of information technology: Toward a unified view. MIS Quarterly, 27(3), 425–478. https://doi.org/10.2307/30036540

Weng, C., Tsai, C. C., & Weng, A. (2015). Social support as a neglected e-learning motivator affecting trainee’s decisions of continuous intentions of usage. Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, 31(2), 177–192. https://doi.org/10.14742/ajet.1311

Zarafshani, K., Solaymani, A., D’Itri, M., Helms, M. M., & Sanjabi, S. (2020). Evaluating technology acceptance in agricultural education in Iran: A study of vocational agriculture teachers. Social Sciences & Humanities Open, 2(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2020.100041

Downloads

Published

2024-09-12

How to Cite

Würges, S., & Aprea, C. (2024). Implementation of digital tools in VET: Experienced support and technology acceptance. Nordic Journal of Vocational Education and Training, 14(2), 78–104. https://doi.org/10.3384/njvet.2242-458X.2414278